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1.
São Paulo med. j ; 140(1): 5-11, Jan.-Feb. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1357471

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Considerable numbers of individuals present low vision, blindness, illiteracy and other conditions that could possibly impair their identification of medications, such as eye drops. Through helping these individuals to identify their eye drops, they can achieve greater autonomy. Misidentification can be avoided through use of multisensory sleeves that can be adapted to most eye drop bottles. Correct use of eye drops is important for preventing progression of diseases like glaucoma that could potentially lead to blindness. OBJECTIVE: To develop bottle sleeves to aid in identification of eye drops and then interview a group of possible users to evaluate the acceptance of the solution. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional survey performed at an ophthalmological clinic in São Paulo (SP), Brazil. METHODS: We describe the development of multisensory sleeves to assist in identification of eye drops. To assess the acceptance of this solution, we interviewed 18 patients who were currently using three or more types of eye drops. RESULTS: We developed four prototypes for eye drop bottle sleeves and conducted an acceptance test on them. Most of the patients who answered the survey about the sleeves were elderly. Most (95%) reported believing that the sleeves would help reduce the risk of mixing up eye drops with other medications that also dispense drops. They also believed that these would increase their autonomy in using eye drops. CONCLUSION: The solution presented was well accepted and may help increase safety in using eye drops through preventing misidentification.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(2): 117-126, Mar.-Apr. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1280113

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar por meio de questionários estruturados, o conhecimento sobre a doença, o manejo de colírios e a adesão ao tratamento de portadores de glaucoma pertencentes a dois públicos com nível de escolaridade e nível sócio econômico distintos. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal analítico aplicando-se questionários estruturados, com base em estudo exploratório para avaliação do nível de conhecimento dos portadores de Glaucoma em relação a doença em dois públicos diferentes: sistema único de saúde (SUS) e planos privados de saúde. Os questionários foram aplicados por médicos residentes em Oftalmologia. A amostra é composta de 202 pacientes dentre eles 100 atendidos pelo SUS e os outros 102 pacientes dos planos privados de saúde. Todos os questionários possuem termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido assinado pelo participante e pelo pesquisador responsável. Resultados: Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos, compostos por: 100 pacientes SUS e 102 planos de saúde privado. Os resultados revelaram que: 58,6% dos pacientes do SUS tinham escolaridade nenhuma a fundamental incompleto e 25,5% dos pacientes de convênio tinham algum nível superior); 49% do grupo SUS tinham renda com menos de 2 salários mínimos enquanto que grupo convênio apresentou 39,4% com mais de 4 salários mínimos (p<0,001); 51,5% do grupo SUS não tem gastos com compra de colírios e 67,4% do grupo convênio gasta mais de R$30,00 (p<0,001) portanto 77% do grupo SUS recebe ajuda e 52,5% do grupo convenio não recebe ajuda (p<0,001); 63,6% do grupo convenio acredita que a quantidade de instilações a mais do colírios não obtêm uma melhora do glaucoma, enquanto aproximadamente 50% do grupo SUS relata que há uma melhora com aumento das instilações ou não tem ideia (p=0,030); Ambos os grupos obtiveram um nível de conhecimento geral da doença semelhante, sem diferença estatística. Conclusão: Concluímos que, independente do nível de escolaridade e nível socioeconômico, havendo boa relação médico-paciente, além de acompanhamento orientado e próximo, é possível transmitir conhecimento adequado sobre a doença elevando o nível de adesão ao tratamento pelo paciente.


ABSTRACT Objective: Compare, through structured questionnaires, the knowledge about disease, management of eye drops and adherence to treatment of glaucoma patients disposed in two groups according to educational levels and socioeconomic levels. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out applying structured questionnaires based on an exploratory study to assess the level of Glaucoma patients' knowledge relationated with the disease in two different audiences: the single health system (SUS) and private health plans. The questionnaires were used by doctors residents in Ophthalmology. A sample was composed of 202 patients among which 100 were attended by SUS and the others 102 patients were holders of private health plans. All questionnaires have a free and informed consent form signed by the participant and the responsible researcher. Results: Patients were divided into two groups, consisting of: 100 SUS patients and 102 private health plans. The results revealed that: 58.6% of SUS patients had incomplete elementary schooling and 25.5% of private health insurance patients had some level of higher education; 49% of the SUS group had an income with less than 2 minimum wages while the health insurance group presented 39.4% with more than 4 minimum wages (p <0.001); 51.5% of the SUS group has no spending on eye drops and 67.4% of the health insurance group spends more than R $ 30.00 (p <0.001) so, 77% of the SUS group receives financial aid and 52.5% of the health insurance group does not receive any financial support (p <0.001); 63.6% of the health insurance group believes that the bigger amount of instillations than eyedrops does not improve glaucoma, while approximately 50% of the SUS group reports that there is an improvement when increasing instillations or has no idea (p = 0.030); Both groups obtained a similar level of general knowledge of the disease, with no statistical difference. Conclusion: We conclude that regardless of educational and socioeconomic level if prevails a good doctor-patient relationship, in addition to close monitoring, it is possible to transmit adequate knowledge about the disease, increasing levels of treatment adherence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Glaucoma/psychology , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Ophthalmic Solutions/administration & dosage , Physician-Patient Relations , Socioeconomic Factors , Attitude to Health , Demography , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Blindness/prevention & control , Patient Education as Topic , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Patient Compliance , Educational Status , Medication Adherence/psychology
5.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 79(4): 258-262, July-Aug. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137973

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the adherence to clinical glaucoma treatment in patients that benefit from the Brazilian National Glaucoma Program and receive antiglaucomatous eye drops free of charge. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 255 patients that benefit from the Brazilian National Glaucoma Program (BNGP) and were assisted at the Altino Ventura Foundation (FAV), Pernambuco state, Brazil. The Morisky's Adhesion Scale (MAS) was used to evaluate adhesion profile to treatment. Patients with a Morisky's Adhesion score ≥ 6 was considered adherent to treatment. The analyzed variables included sex, educational level, distance from home to the treatment center, number of eye drops used, time since the glaucoma diagnosis, patients' subjective classification of their quality of vision, and prevalence of other comorbidities. Results: A total of 255 patients [167 (65.4%) females] were included in this study with a mean age was 65.9 ± 13.8 years (range, 11-99 years). Adherence to clinical glaucoma treatment was seen in 155 patients (60.8%). Worse adherence to treatment was observed in female patients (p=0.034), with low education level (p=0.046), who presented other comorbidities (p=0.048), living in remote areas (p=0.038), judged their vision as satisfactory (p=0.046), and who were recently diagnosed with glaucoma (p=0.001). Conclusion: 40% of patients who benefited from the Brazilian National Glaucoma Program were not compliant to treatment. Low adhesion rate was mostly seen in female patients, socially vulnerable, living in remote areas, recently diagnosed with glaucoma, using fewer eyedrops, presenting other comorbidities, and in those that considering themselves of having a satisfactory vision.


Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a adesão ao tratamento clínico do glaucoma em uma população que recebe colírios antiglaucomatosos gratuitamente pelo Programa Nacional do Glaucoma (PNG). Métodos: Estudo transversal que incluiu 255 pacientes inscritos no PNG e acompanhados na Fundação Altino Ventura, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. A Escala de Adesão de Morisky (EAM) foi usada para avaliar a adesão ao tratamento. Pacientes que pontuavam ≥ 6 na EAM eram considerados aderentes ao tratamento. As variáveis analisadas incluíram: gênero, escolaridade, distância entre a moradia e o centro de referência, número de colírios utilizados, tempo de diagnóstico de glaucoma, qualidade subjetiva da visão e prevalência de doenças sistêmicas associadas. Resultados: Total de 255 pacientes [167 (65,4%) mulheres] foram incluídos no estudo, com média de idade dos participantes de 65,9 ± 13,8 anos (variação, 11-99 anos). A adesão ao tratamento clínico do glaucoma foi encontrada em 155 pacientes (60,8%). Pior adesão foi identificada em pacientes do sexo feminino (p=0,034), com baixa escolaridade (p=0,046), com outras comorbidades (p=0,048), que moravam longe do centro de tratamento (p=0,038), apresentavam boa qualidade de visão subjetiva (p=0,046) e apresentavam diagnóstico recente de glaucoma (p=0,001). Conclusão: Quarenta por cento (40%) dos pacientes beneficiados do PNG não estão aderentes ao tratamento. A baixa taxa de adesão foi associada a pacientes do sexo feminino, com baixa escolaridade, vivendo longe do centro de tratamento, com diagnóstico recente de glaucoma, em uso de poucos colírios antiglaucomatosos e que apresentavam comorbidades.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Patient Compliance , Medication Adherence , National Health Programs , Cross-Sectional Studies
6.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 79(2): 114-117, Mar.-Apr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137947

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To outline the epidemiological profile of clinical treatments for glaucoma provided by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS, acronym in Portuguese) between January 2012 and December 2018. Methods: A quantitative and descriptive study was conducted using available data based on the outpatient information system from SUS (SIA/SUS, acronym in Portuguese). The variables were monocular treatment with first, second, and third-line drugs; monocular treatment with combinations of two drugs and three drugs from different lines; binocular treatment with first, second, and third-line drugs; and binocular treatment with combinations of two drugs and three drugs from different lines. Results: During the analysis period, the prevalence of clinical therapies for glaucoma increased from 2012 to 2017 and decreased from 2017 to 2018. Of the clinically treated patients, 96% were carriers of binocular glaucoma. Among the regions of Brazil, the Northeast had the highest prevalence of binocular glaucoma (about 60% of the number of cases), and the most common therapy was combinations of two drugs from different lines. The Southeast region had the highest concentration of monocular glaucoma (53% of cases), and the predominant therapy was combinations of three drugs from different lines. The Midwest region had the lowest prevalence of monocular-treatments for glaucoma (less than 6%). Conclusion: In Brazil, the highest number of treatments offered by the public health system was in the Northeast and Southeast regions. There is a high national prevalence and potential for the morbidity of this disease. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen programs aimed at early diagnosis and appropriate treatment to reduce adverse outcomes.


Resumo Objetivo: Traçar o perfil epidemiológico do tratamento clínico para o glaucoma no Brasil fornecido pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), no período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2018. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo e descritivo, utilizando a base de dados disponível no Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais do SUS (SIA/SUS). As variáveis utilizadas foram: tratamento monocular com drogas de primeira, de segunda e de terceira linha; tratamento monocular com combinações de duas drogas e de três drogas de diferentes linhas; tratamento binocular com drogas de primeira, de segunda e de terceira linha; e tratamento binocular com combinações de duas drogas e de três drogas de diferentes linhas. Resultados: Durante o período analisado, a prevalência de terapias clínicas para o glaucoma aumentou entre 2012 e 2017 e diminuiu entre 2017 e 2018. Dos pacientes tratados clinicamente, 96% eram portadores de glaucoma binocular. Entre as regiões do Brasil, o Nordeste teve a maior prevalência de glaucoma binocular (cerca de 60% do número de casos), e a terapia mais comum foi a combinação de duas drogas de diferentes linhas. A região Sudeste teve a maior concentração de glaucoma monocular (53% dos casos), e a terapia predominante foi a combinação de três drogas de diferentes linhas. A região Centro-Oeste apresentou a menor prevalência de tratamentos monoculares para o glaucoma (menos de 6%). Conclusão: No Brasil, o maior número de tratamentos oferecidos pelo sistema público de saúde foi nas regiões Nordeste e Sudeste. Existe uma alta prevalência nacional e um alto potencial para morbidade desta doença. Portanto, é necessário fortalecer programas voltados para o diagnóstico precoce e para o tratamento adequado a fim de reduzir os resultados adversos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Unified Health System , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Glaucoma/epidemiology , Pharmacoepidemiology/methods , Intraocular Pressure , Brazil , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Evaluation Studies as Topic
7.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 79(1): 53-55, Jan.-Feb. 2020. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092660

ABSTRACT

Resumo A reversão da escavação é uma entidade rara que se refere à redução da escavação do disco óptico em resposta à diminuição sustentada dos níveis de pressão intra-ocular (PIO), em cerca de 25% da PIO basal. A ocorrência deste fenômeno apenas com o tratamento clínico é pouco relatada na literatura, Este estudo relata um caso de um paciente com glaucoma juvenil, que apresentou à gonioscopia ângulo aberto e tomografia de coerência óptica (OCT) com uma diminuição significativa na camada de fibras nervosas retinianas em ambos os olhos. Após um ano utilizando análogos de prostaglandina tópica e manutenção de níveis baixos de PIO, ocorreu diminuição da escavação do nervo óptico, que foi confirmada pelos padrões topográficos da OCT. O "reversal of cupping" é um sinal da diminuição da tensão ao nível da lâmina crivosa e está provavelmente associada a uma redução do risco para a progressão do glaucoma a longo prazo, sem melhora da função visual.


Abstract Reversal of cupping is a rare entity, characterized by the reduction of optical disc cupping in response to sustained decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP) levels by 25% of the basal IOP. The occurrence of this phenomenon with clinical treatment is rarely reported in the literature. This study reports a case of a patient with juvenile glaucoma with augmented cupping, significant decrease in the retinal nerve fiber layer in both eyes and altered topografic measures in optical coherence tomography (OCT). After one year using topical prostaglandin analog and keeping low IOP levels, a decrease in optic nerve cupping was detected in rethinography, confirmed by the improvement of OCT topographic measures. Reversal of cupping is a sign of decreased tension at the level of the lamina cribosa and is probably associated with a reduced risk for long-term progression of glaucoma without improvement of visual function.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Optic Disk/pathology , Glaucoma/diagnosis , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Intraocular Pressure/drug effects , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Ophthalmoscopy , Prostaglandins, Synthetic/therapeutic use , Timolol/therapeutic use , Tonometry, Ocular , Visual Acuity , Glaucoma/physiopathology , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Fundus Oculi , Gonioscopy
11.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 78(1): 70-73, jan.-fev. 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042373

ABSTRACT

Resumo O oxido nitrico (NO) é um fator relaxante derivado do endotélio e um potente vasodilatador que impacta em vários sistemas em todo o corpo. Estudos comprovam que o fluxo sanguíneo ocular basal é regulado pelo NO, sendo um importante regulador da homeostase, especialmente dentro dos tecidos uveais. A disfunção da produção de NO seria associado ao glaucoma através da alteração da perfusão da cabeça do nervo óptico associado ao aumento da pressão intraocular devido um sistema de drenagem trabecular deficiente. O NO tornou-se uma molécula atraente para o tratamento do glaucoma devido a possibilidade de modulação da drenagem trabecular, abaixando a pressão intraocular e ação neuroprotetora melhorando a perfusão sanguínea na cabeça do nervo óptico.


Abstract Nitric Oxide (NO) is a relaxing endothelium-derived factor and a potent vasodilator that impacts various systems throughout the body. Proven studies of basal ocular blood flow are regulated by NO, being an important regulator of homeostasis, especially within the uveal tissues. The dysfunction of the production associated with glaucoma due to alteration of the optic nerve head associated to the increase of the intraocular pressure by a deficient trabecular meshwork. NO became an attractive molecule for the treatment of glaucoma due to a modulation of the trabecular meshwork, lowering the neuroprotective intra and ocular pressure for a blood surgery in the head of the optic nerve.


Subject(s)
Glaucoma/metabolism , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Ophthalmic Solutions , Trabecular Meshwork/metabolism , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Cyclic GMP/blood , Nitric Oxide Donors/therapeutic use , Latanoprost/therapeutic use , Intraocular Pressure , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use
12.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(6): 320-323, nov.-dez. 2018. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-985314

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivos: Avaliar o grau de contaminação por fungos e bactérias e o modo de conservação destes colírios hipotensores por parte dos pacientes no ambulatório de Glaucoma da Santa Casa de Ribeirão Preto. Métodos: Foram selecionados aleatoriamente cinquenta e cinco pacientes, em seguimento no ambulatório, e após consentimento dos mesmos os colírios eram coletados e enviados via correio para análise por microbiologista e patologista em até 72 horas. Foi analisado 0,5ml aproximadamente das medicações e os pacientes respondiam a um questionário simples sobre o método de conservação e se consideravam estes adequados. Resultados: Dos 55 colírios analisados, cinco (9,01%) estavam com seu conteúdo líquido contaminado. Entre os microrganismos isolados haviam 4 bactérias Gram negativas, sendo 1 (1,8%) por Serratia marcescens, 1 (1,8%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa e 2 (3,6%) Stenotrophomas maltophilia. Um colírio estava contaminado pelo fungo Cândida ssp Todos pacientes do estudo julgam seus métodos de armazenamento e instilação adequados. Os pacientes que tiveram os colírios positivados eram convocados para exame clínico e passavam por novo questionário pelo investigador. Conclusão: O tempo de abertura dos frascos e os métodos de conservação influenciam na contaminação dos medicamentos, todos os colírios com crescimento de microrganismos no presente estudo estavam abertos entre 30 e 90 dias. O fato de que a maioria dos pacientes levam seus colírios em tarefas cotidianas, aumenta a exposição dos frascos e podem ser um fator relevante para determinar a contaminação destas medicações.


Abstract Objetives: To assess the degree of fungal and bacterial contamination of hypotensive eye drops and the way these are preserved by the patients at the Glaucoma outpatient clinic of Santa Casa Hospital in Ribeirão Preto. Methods: Fifty-five patients were randomly assigned to follow-up in the outpatient clinic and, after their consent, an eye drop was collected per patient and later sent by mail for analysis by microbiologist and pathologist in up to 72 hours. Approximately 0.5ml of the medications were analyzed and the patients were asked to answer a simple questionnaire on the method of drug conservation and whether they considered it adequate. Results: Of the 55 analysed eye drops, five (9.01%) had their liquid contents contaminated. Among the microorganisms isolated there were 4 Gram negative bacteria, 1 (1.8%) by Serratia marcenses, 1 (1.8%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 2 (3.6%) Stenotrophomas maltophilia. An eye drop was contaminated by the fungus Candida ssp. All the patients in the study judged their methods of storage and instillation appropriate. The patients who had the positive coliria were summoned for clinical examination and passed through a new questionnaire by the investigator. Conclusion: The time and methods of preservation influence the contamination of medicinal products. All the eye drops that presented growth of microorganisms in the present study were open between 30 and 90 days. The fact that most patients take their eye drops on daily tasks increases the exposure of the bottles and can be a relevant fact to determine the contamination of these medications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Ophthalmic Solutions/analysis , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Drug Contamination , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification , Serratia marcescens/growth & development , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Candida/growth & development , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Stenotrophomonas maltophilia/growth & development , Drug Storage , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Fungi/isolation & purification
13.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 81(6): 490-493, Nov.-Dec. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-973846

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate whether any topical anti-glaucoma medications increase the risk of lacrimal drainage system obstruction or whether the presence of preservatives alone is sufficient to generate obstruction. Methods: This nested case-control study compared a group of patients with lacrimal duct obstruction who received topical anti-glaucoma medications to a control group of patients without obstruction. Results: The medical records of 255 patients with glaucoma who consulted the Oculoplastic Section with complaints of watery eyes were reviewed. Among these patients, 59 exhibited lacrimal drainage obstruction. Ninety-four percent of patients with lacrimal drainage obstruction used beta-blockers, and 41% used prostaglandin analogs. A logistic regression model was used to adjust for age, sex, and the use of other medications. No significant differences were observed regarding the topical anti-glaucoma medications used between groups. Conclusion: No single topical anti-glaucoma medication demonstrated a stronger association with the development of lacrimal duct obstruction.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar se algum medicamento tópico anti-glaucoma aumenta o risco de obstrução do sistema de drenagem lacrimal ou se a presença de conservantes é su fi cien te para gerar obstrução. Métodos: Este estudo de caso-controle aninhado comparou um grupo de pacientes com obstrução do ducto lacrimal que receberam medicações tópicas anti-glaucoma contra um grupo controle de pacientes sem obstrução. Resultados: Foram revistos os prontuários de 255 pacientes com glaucoma que consultaram a Seção de Oculoplástica com queixas de olhos lacrimejantes. Dentre esses pacientes, 59 apresentavam obstrução da via lacrimal de drenagem. Noventa e quatro por cento dos pacientes com obstrução usaram betabloqueadores e 41% usaram análogos de prostaglandinas. Um modelo de regressão logística foi utilizado para ajustar a idade, sexo e o uso de outros medicamentos. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas em relação às medicações tópicas anti-glaucoma usadas entre os grupos. Conclusão: Nenhum medicamento anti-glaucoma tópico único demonstrou uma associação mais forte com o desenvolvimento de obstrução do ducto lacrimal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Lacrimal Duct Obstruction/complications , Preservatives, Pharmaceutical/therapeutic use , Prostaglandins, Synthetic/therapeutic use , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Case-Control Studies , Glaucoma/complications , Retrospective Studies , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Administration, Ophthalmic
14.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 31(3): 1-9, jul.-set. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-985575

ABSTRACT

En una enfermedad como el glaucoma, considerada la segunda causa de ceguera en Cuba y en el mundo, el tratamiento quirúrgico ha experimentado una evolución sorprendente y se buscan opciones más sencillas, eficaces y con un posoperatorio tranquilo. En el departamento de Glaucoma del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología se comenzó a realizar una modificación de la trabeculotomía gonioasistida y es de interés presentarla mediante la evolución posoperatoria a corto plazo de un caso clínico. Se trata de un paciente de 72 años de edad, con catarata y glaucoma descompensado, a pesar del tratamiento médico. Se presenta con 50 VAR de visión y presión intraocular de 26 mmHg. Se realizó cirugía combinada: facoemulsificación y trabeculotomía gonioasistida modificada. Se lograron cifras de presión intraocular de 18 mmHg y agudeza visual mejor corregida de 100 VAR a los 6 meses posoperatorios(AU)


In a disease such as glaucoma, considered the second main cause of blindness both in Cuba and worldwide, surgical treatment has experienced surprising development, and simpler, more effective alternatives as well as a quiet postoperative period are constantly sought. At the glaucoma department of the Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology a modification has started to be performed of gonioscopy-assisted trabeculotomy. It would be interesting to present it by describing the short-term postoperative evolution of the clinical case of a 72-year-old male patient with cataract and decompensated glaucoma despite medical treatment. At presentation, the patient's vision was 50 VAR and intraocular pressure 26 mmHg. Combined surgery was performed: phacoemulsification and modified gonioscopy-assisted trabeculotomy. Six months after surgery, intraocular pressure was 18 mmHg and best corrected visual acuity was 100 VAR(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Trabeculectomy/methods , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Phacoemulsification/methods
15.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(4): 189-193, jul.-ago. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-959102

ABSTRACT

Resumo Introdução: O glaucoma e a principal causa de cegueira irreversivel no Brasil. Ate o momento nao se dispoe de uma droga ideal para o controle da pressao intraocular (PIO), geralmente necessitando associar dois ou mais medicamentos hipotensores, com frequentes instilacoes diarias e ma aderencia ao tratamento. Objetivos: Descrever quantitativa e qualitativamente as drogas usadas para controle da PIO e a eficacia do tratamento na prevencao da cegueira. Métodos: Estudo transversal retrospectivo, atraves de revisao de 420 prontuarios de portadores de Glaucoma severo acompanhados no ambulatorio do Hospital Emilio Carlos, de Catanduva-SP, de janeiro/2014 a dezembro/2016. As variaveis analisadas foram: idade, acuidade visual e medicamentos antiglaucomatosos utilizados: topicos (colirios) e sistemicos. Resultados: A media de idade dos participantes foi 62,99±16,29 anos. Foram detectados 68 casos de cegueira, sendo que 3 pacientes (0,7%)perderam a visao no tempo investigado, com referencias a periodos sem tratamento/subdose/instilacao indevida/uso de 3 ou 4 colirios. Em 73,3% dos casos conseguiu-se estabilizacao da PIO com o uso de um (38,1%) ou no maximo 02 (35,2%) colirios associados. Houve correlacao significativa entre o no de combinacoes de hipotensores topicos e o no de pacientes em uso de Acetazolamida. O medicamentomais usado foi o Maleato de Timolol (67,1%). Conclusões: Na maioria dos pacientes a PIO foi controlada com 1 ou 2 colirios associados; pequena porcentagem dos casos evoluiu para cegueira; muito provavelmente a evolucao para perda de visao foi decorrente da complexidade e ma aderencia ao tratamento.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Glaucoma is the main cause of irreversible blindness in Brazil. To date, there is no ideal drug for the control of intraocular pressure (IOP), usually requiring the combination of two or more hypotensive drugs, with frequent daily instillations and poor adherence to treatment. Objectives: To describe quantitatively and qualitatively the drugs used to control IOP and the efficacy of treatment in the prevention of blindness. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out through a review of 420 medical records of patients with severe Glaucoma who were followed up at the Emílio Carlos Hospital outpatient clinic in Catanduva, SP, from January 2014 to December 2016. The analyzed variables were: age, visual acuity and antiglaucomatous drugs used: topical (eye drops) and systemic. Results:The mean age of participants was 62.99 ± 16.29 years. Sixty-eight cases of blindness were detected, and three patients (0.7%) lost vision at the time investigated, with references to periods without treatment / subdose / improper instillation / use of 3 or 4 eye drops. In 73.3% of the cases, IOP stabilization was achieved with one (38.1%) or at most 02 (35.2%) associated drops. There was a significant correlation between the number of combinations of topical hypotensive agents and the number of patients taking acetazolamide. The drugmostused was Timolol (67.1%). Conclusions: In the majority of patients IOP was controlled with 1 or 2 associated eye drops; small percentage of cases evolved into blindness; most likely the evolution to loss of vision was due to the complexity and poor adherence to the treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Ocular Hypertension/prevention & control , Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Ocular Hypertension/drug therapy , Medical Records , Blindness/prevention & control , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Intraocular Pressure
16.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 31(1)ene.-mar. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1508340

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: demostrar la utilidad de la tomografía de coherencia óptica antes de la cirugía de catarata, para el diagnóstico de alteraciones de la mácula o de la capa de fibras neurorretinianas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal de serie de casos en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología, de enero del año 2014 a diciembre de 2015, en 100 pacientes seleccionados al azar con catarata senil. Se realizaron exámenes del protocolo de la línea preoperatoria de catarata y tomografía de coherencia óptica. Las variables estudiadas fueron edad, sexo, tipo de catarata, bilateralidad, presencia de lesiones de la mácula o de la capa de fibras neurorretinianas, localización anatómica y tipo de lesiones de la mácula, lesiones de la capa de fibras neurorretinianas, antecedentes de enfermedades vasculares sistémicas, maculares y/o glaucoma y necesidad de tratamiento oftalmológico. Se consideró la media, el porcentaje, el intervalo de confianza y la prueba de probabilidades exactas de Fisher. Resultados: la edad promedio fue 70,13 años y predominó el sexo femenino (54,0 por ciento). Las lesiones tanto de mácula como de capa de fibras neurorretinianas se presentaron en el 39,0 por ciento de los pacientes. El 11,2 por ciento de los ojos con catarata tenían lesión en la interfase vitreomacular, con predominio de la membrana epirretinal (14,6 por ciento). En el 14,2 por ciento se detectó daño en capa de fibras neurorretinianas. No existió relación entre presencia de lesiones maculares y enfermedad macular (p= 0,275). En el 34,8 por ciento de los pacientes sin antecedentes de glaucoma había lesión de capa de fibras. El 28,8 por ciento de los pacientes con lesiones, necesitaba tratamiento previa cirugía. Conclusiones: la tomografía de coherencia óptica es una herramienta importante en el preoperatorio de la cirugía de catarata(AU)


Objective: demonstrate the usefulness of optical coherence tomography prior to cataract surgery to diagnose alterations of the macula and/or the neuroretinal fiber layer. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study of a case series was conducted at the Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from January 2014 to December 2015. The study sample was a random selection of 100 patients with senile cataract who underwent protocol cataract surgery preoperative examination and optical coherence tomography. The variables studied were age, sex, cataract type, bilaterality, presence of macular and/or neuroretinal fiber layer lesions, anatomical location and macular lesion type, neuroretinal fiber layer lesions, history of systemic vascular or macular diseases and/or glaucoma, and need of ophthalmological treatment. Mean, percentage, confidence interval and Fisher's exact test were all considered. Results: mean age was 70.13 years. Female sex prevailed (54.0 percent). Macular and neuroretinal fiber layer lesions were present in 39.0 percent of the patients. 11.2 percent of the eyes with cataracts had a lesion in the vitreo-macular interface, with a predominance of the epiretinal membrane (14.6 percent). Damage to the neuroretinal fiber layer was detected in 14.2 percent. No relationship was found between the presence of macular lesions and macular disease (p= 0.275). 34.8 percent of the patients without a history of glaucoma had a fiber layer lesion. 28.8 percent of the patients with lesions needed pre-operative treatment. Conclusions: Optical coherence tomography is an important tool in the preoperative period of cataract surgery(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive
18.
Medwave ; 18(1): e7144, 2018.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-909791

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El uso de cannabinoides en diversas condiciones clínicas es hoy un tema de debate. Se ha planteado su uso para el control del glaucoma. Sin embargo, existe controversia sobre su real efectividad y seguridad. MÉTODOS: Para responder esta pregunta utilizamos Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante búsquedas en múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, reanalizamos los datos de los estudios primarios y preparamos una tabla de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: Identificamos cinco revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyen 3 estudios primarios, todos correspondientes a ensayos aleatorizados. Concluimos que, si bien los cannabinoides podrían disminuir la presión intraocular, lo hacen de forma transitoria y se asocian a efectos adversos frecuentes.


INTRODUCTION: The use of cannabinoids in diverse clinical conditions is today a subject of debate. Its use has been proposed for the control of glaucoma. However, there is controversy about its real effectiveness and safety. METHODS: To answer this question we used Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We identified five systematic reviews including three studies overall, all of them randomized controlled trials. We concluded that although cannabinoids could decrease intraocular pressure, the effect would be transient and associated with frequent adverse effects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cannabinoids/administration & dosage , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Intraocular Pressure/drug effects , Cannabinoids/adverse effects , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Databases, Factual , Treatment Outcome
20.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 76(6): 312-315, nov.-dez. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-899098

ABSTRACT

Abstract We report a case of a middle-aged woman who developed acute, bilateral, symmetrical, slightly transilluminating depigmentation of the iris and pigment discharge into the anterior chamber following the use of oral moxifloxacin for bacterial sinusitis. She had been misdiagnosed as having autoimmune uveitis, treated with steroids and tropicamide, and underwent severe ocular hypertension and glaucoma despite posterior correct diagnosis.


Resumo Relato de um caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino de meia idade que desenvolveu despigmentação bilateral simultânea aguda com dispersão de pigmentos na câmara anterior e discreta transiluminação após o uso de moxifloxacino oral para tratamento de sinusite bacteriana. Ela Havia sido diagnosticada com uveite autoimune e tratada com corticosteroide tópico e tropicamida e evoluiu com hipertensão ocular grave e glaucoma apesar de ,posteriormente, o diagnóstico ter sido correto.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Glaucoma/etiology , Ocular Hypertension/etiology , Iris Diseases/complications , Pigment Epithelium of Eye/diagnostic imaging , Pigmentation Disorders/diagnostic imaging , Trabecular Meshwork/pathology , Transillumination , Iridocyclitis/diagnosis , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Glaucoma/diagnostic imaging , Iris/diagnostic imaging , Ocular Hypertension/drug therapy , Ocular Hypertension/diagnostic imaging , Acute Disease , Photophobia , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Visual Field Tests , Brimonidine Tartrate/administration & dosage , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Moxifloxacin/adverse effects , Gonioscopy , Iris Diseases/chemically induced , Iris Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Anterior Chamber/pathology , Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage
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